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Ingredients

Fine granulated white sugar in a bowl beside a teaspoon

Sugar (granulated)

Plain white sugar in granulated form, distinct from icing and brown sugar.

Smooth beige sesame paste with a shallow spoon groove

Tahini

A paste of roasted sesame kernels that gives dressings sesame flavor and body.

A brown fibrous block of tamarind pulp with glossy dark seeds on a cream dish.

Tamarind pulp

Sticky, tangy shelled tamarind pulp with seeds, strained to make a drink.

Irregular orange-tan dry tarhana granules in a cream bowl beside a filled spoon.

Tarhana soup mix

A dried, fermented wheat-and-yogurt mix that cooks into a tangy soup.

Dark curled dry black tea leaves in a cream bowl.

Tea (black)

Loose dry black tea leaves used to brew Turkish tea.

Ripe red tomatoes and a cut half on a blue-and-white plate in sunlight

Tomato

Ripe red fresh tomatoes for salads and cooking.

Tomato ketchup in a cream bowl with two whole ripe tomatoes on a sunlit stone counter.

Tomato ketchup

A smooth, sweet-tart tomato condiment for sandwiches and grilled food.

Dense red tomato paste with spoon ridges in a cream bowl

Tomato paste

Concentrated tomato paste that adds color and flavor; salted or unsalted.

Broad, flat raw turbot portions with mottled skin and pale flesh edges on a cream plate.

Turbot

Raw European turbot cut into bone-in steaks for frying.

Fine brown Turkish coffee grounds in a cream bowl with a dark green rim.

Turkish coffee

Very finely ground roasted coffee for the Turkish brewing method.

A naturally uneven mound of golden-orange turmeric powder in a shallow terracotta dish on a bright coastal table.

Turmeric (ground)

Dried, ground turmeric rhizome; a golden spice for color and earthy flavor.

An open amber bottle and a spoonful of vanilla extract beside two vanilla pods, with rice pudding preparation in the background.

Vanilla extract

A concentrated liquid flavoring made from vanilla, for sweet dishes.

Clear golden vegetable stock in a glass jug beside a fine sieve and cooking pot.

Vegetable stock

A cooking liquid made by simmering vegetables and aromatics, then straining.

Raw walnut halves and broken kernels with natural ridged surfaces

Walnuts

Raw shelled walnut kernels that give body to sauces.

Clear still water in a glass jug and tumbler

Water

Still drinking water for cooking; its minerals vary with the supply.

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